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Under God in the Pledge

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House Joint Resolution 40 Overview

I. Summary

Rep. Charles Pickering, Republican from Mississippi, introduced House Joint Resolution 40 proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States on Mar. 18, 2003 to guarantee the right to use and recite the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag and the national motto. It was submitted to the Committee on the Judiciary. On May 5, 2003 it was referred to the House Subcommittee on the Constitution.

House Joint Resolution 40 resolved, "by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein), That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification:

Article --

SECTION 1. The first article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States shall not be construed to prohibit the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag, which shall be, `I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.'.

SECTION 2. The first article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States shall not be construed to prohibit the recitation or use of the national motto, which shall be, `In God we trust.'"

See the full text of House Joint Resolution 40 (PDF) 20.1KB


II. Co-Sponsors

Representative's NameStatePartyDate of Co-Sponsorship
Cass BallengerNCRepublicanMar. 18, 2003
Joe BartonTXRepublicanMar. 18, 2003
Bob BeauprezCORepublicanOct. 21, 2003
Shelley CapitoWVRepublicanMar. 18, 2003
Virgil GoodeVARepublicanApr. 10, 2003
Walter JonesNCRepublicanMar. 18, 2003
Charles NorwoodGARepublicanMar. 18, 2003
Joseph PittsPARepublicanMar. 18, 2003
James TurnerTXDemocratMar. 18, 2003
Zach WampTNRepublicanMar. 18, 2003
Roger WickerMSRepublicanNov. 19, 2003
III. Related Links

1. Read the full text of House Joint Resolution 40 (PDF) 20.1KB

2. Rep. Charles Pickering also introduced (Safeguarding Our Religious Liberties Act) in the 108th Congress, (Safeguarding Our Religious Liberties Act) in the 109th Congress, and (House Joint Resolution 108) and (House Joint Resolution 102) in the 107th Congress.

3. Research Congressional Actions on the Pledge of Allegiance.

4. Learn more about the First Amendment as it relates to the the Pledge of Allegiance.

5. Pledge of Allegiance History 1887-Today